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Several recent studies have suggested that human leukocyte antigen ��HLA) alleles are major susceptible genes for drug hypersensitivity and there is a strong genetic associations between HLA alleles and drug eruption. The genetic association is drug and ethnicity specific, hinting a direct involvement of HLA in the pathogenesis of drug hypersensitivity. The high sensitivity/specificity of some molecular markers provides a plausible basis for developing tests to identify individuals at risk for drug eruption.