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The exact etiology and pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis ��AD�� have not yet been entirely elucidated, and may be associated with genetic, environmental and immunologic factors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) appears to be an important regulator of the behaviors of immune cells and nerve cells in inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases. The level of BDNF is significantly correlated with AD activity, severity and patients' life quality. BDNF plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD, likely by inducing the chemotaxis of eosinophils, inhibiting the apoptosis of eosinophils, and enhancing the production of antigen-specific IgE.