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Psoriasis is traditionally viewed as a chronic inflammatory skin disease driven by Th1 cellular immune response. Recently, a novel and unique subset of interleukin ��IL��-17 producing CD4+ effector T ��Th17�� cells, which are distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells, have been discovered. It may be crucial in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases that were formerly categorized as Th1-mediated disorders including psoriasis. Th17 cells may play a more important role than Th1 cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This paper presents the significance of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis as well as in the identification of potential targets for the treatment of psoriasis.