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Malignant melanoma��MM��is one of the most lethal skin cancer. High frequent mutation of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) has been reported in MM, and ultraviolet is the most important risk factor of the mutation. The frequency of the mutation varies with races of patients, sites, and pathological types of MM. It's still controversial about the relationship of BRAF mutation with heredity, pre-existing pigment nevi, invasion and prognosis of MM. BRAF related molecules in MAPK signal transduction are potential treatment target of MM. Recent studies have revealed the association between BRAF mutation and MM.