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Atopic dermatitis represents a pruritic, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, and may be associated with genetic��immunologic and infective factors. Recently, a series of experiments have confirmed that cytokines released by T cells infiltrating in local lesional skin play an important role in the development of atopic dermatitis. For example, interleukin-31, a newly identified four-helix bundle cytokine preferentially produced by T helper type 2 cells, is closely related to the development of pruritus in atopic dermatitis.