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Yang Xianhong, Zeng Rong, Jiang Yiqun Department of Pathology, Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China ��Yang XH, Jiang YQ��; Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China ��Zeng R�� Corresponding author: Jiang Yiqun, Email: yiqunjiang@qq.com ��Abstract�� Alopecia is mostly caused by male/female pattern hair loss, infection, drugs, trauma, pregnancy, autoimmune disorder, hypothyroidism and so on. Traditional treatments of alopecia include topical agents, oral drugs and surgical procedures. Recently, more and more researches have reported the application of phototherapy in the treatment of alopecia. However, the therapeutic mechanism is unclear, which may be related to the promotion of cell growth, anti?inflammation and immune regulation. Researches have demonstrated that phototherapy can effectively improve male and female pattern hair loss, alopecia areata, chemotherapy?induced alopecia, and promote the hair growth. No serious adverse reactions are recorded. However, more studies are needed in order to select suitable patients and determine appropriate parameters for phototherapy, such as wave length, frequency, pulse structure, energy density, time and course of the treatment.