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ang Yongsheng, Xu Jinhua. Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Corresponding author: Xu Jinhua, Email: hsyyxjh@163.com ��Abstract�� The apoptosis of keratinocytes involves drug metabolism and immune mechanism. The former mainly refers to the induction of apoptosis by active electrophilic drug metabolites through the mitochondrial pathway. Comparatively, the immune mechanism is more complex with the involvement of many immune cells including CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes and regulatory T cells. Some cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α ��TNF-α��, soluble FasL, granulysin, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand ��TRAIL�� and TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis ��TWEAK��, contribute to the amplification of apoptosis. The necrosis of keratinocytes is considered to be associated with the alarm family members S100A, α-defensins and high mobility group protein B1.

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