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Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China

The incidence of malignancy in dermatomyositis(DM)/polymyositis(PM)ranges from 2.5% to 29.0%. The middle-age and elder are apt to suffer from it, especially those 4069 years old. Most of these malignancies occur within 2 years after the onset of DM/PM. The type of malignancy varies, and na-sopharyngeal carcinoma is the most common type. The manifestation of cutaneous vasculitis in DM may predict the concurrence of malignancy. The pathogenesis of malignancy in DM/PM may involve immunological and molecular biological changes, as well as other possible reasons. The aggravation and alleviation of DM/PM are paralleled with those of associated malignancy. Both the response to treatment and prognosis of DM/PM associated with malignancy are relatively poor.