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GUO Zhao-xia, LI Hai-tao, YANG Rong-ya. Institute for Skin Injury and Repair of Chinese PLA, General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100125, China Corresponding author: YANG Rong-ya��Email: yangry@vip.sina.com ��Abstract�� With the widespread application of azole antifungal agents in clinical practice, azole resistance has become increasingly prominent. Mutations or expression changes of associated genes are the main cause of azole resistance, and also a research focus at home and abroad. Azole resistance-associated genes mainly include genes involved in the ergosterol synthesis pathway such as ERG11, ERG3, drug efflux protein-related genes such as CDR genes encoding ABC proteins and MDR genes encoding MFS pump, and the calcineurin target gene RTA2. However, there is still a controversy about, or no sufficient evidence for, the relationship between azole resistance and some genes, such as the FLU1 gene of Candida albicans and the ERG11 gene of Candida glabrata. Moreover, interstrain differences exist in azole resistance-mediating genes. ��Key words�� Fungi; Azoles; Drug resistance, fungal; Genes

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