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ZHU Hui-ling, HAN Jian-de. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China Corresponding author: HAN Jian-de, Email: hanjd_gzb@21cn.net ��Abstract�� Persistent genital infection is a peculiar state of C. trachomatis, and can cause tubal occlusion and tubal factor infertility. Serum anti - C. trachomatis immunoglobulin G��IgG�� antibodies are nonspecific for the distinction between clearance and persistence of C. trachomatis infection. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein ��hs-CRP�� in combination with serum IgG testing performs well in identifying chlamydial persistence and predicting risks for tubal factor subfertility. Serum antibodies to chlamydial heat shock protein 60 ��cHSP60�� have been suggested as a good marker for persistent chlamydial infection and a specific predictor for the risk of tubal pathology, and simultaneous detection of antibodies to caseinolytic protease P and cHSP60 may improve the sensitivity. Although serology has not been used for direct diagnosis of chlamydial persistent infection, it is of great value in specific population, such as females with tubal factor infertility or ectopic pregnancy. The diagnostic value of serology in C. trachomatis persistent infection may increase with the elevation in sensitivity and specificity of serum tests for IgG antibobies to C. trachomatis and cHSP60. ��Key words�� Chlamydia trachomatis; Persistent infection; Serum antibody testing

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