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Alopecia areata is a kind of common benign non-scarring hair loss severely affecting patient's appearance. Traditional therapies include topical or systemic corticosteroids as well as drugs promoting hair growth such as minoxidil. With new insights into the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, some novel treatment modalities, such as immunomodulators, biologics, 308-excimer laser, photochemotherapy with psoralens and ultraviolet A ��PUVA��, and so on, have been gradually introduced into the treatment of alopecia areata. The clinical application of these new modalities is limited because of their side effects and the lack of evidences from large-scale randomized controlled trials, however, they have provided a useful clue for the treatment of alopecia areata. To target the pathogenesis and minimize adverse effects will be the focus of future research in alopecia areata treatment.