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Cutaneous nocardiosis is an infection caused by multiple species of Norcardia including Norcardia brasiliensis, Norcardia asteroides following skin injury. It has a board spectrum of clinical manifestations with no specificity, and of them, subcutaneous nodules with fistulation are the most common. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial to the treatment of primary cutaneous nocardiosis. This article focuses on the advances in molecular diagnosis of cutaneous nocardiosis. Sulfonamides remain the fist-line treatment for cutaneous nocardiosis, but the clinical practice is challenged by the emergence of sulfonamide- and multidrug-resistant Nocardia. To develop accurate methods for in vitro drug sensitivity testing and find active antibiotics will provide guidance on clinical medication.

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