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Pemphigus vulgaris was previously regarded as an pathogenic antibody?۲mediated autoimmune mucocutaneous disease. However, with the increase in knowledge about the pathogenesis of this entity, the roles of apoptosis in the development of pemphigus vulgaris have become more and more clear. For example, the apoptosis of keratinocytes can be induced by direct action of antibodies, and anoikis can be triggered by loss of cellular linkage following acantholysis. The hypothesis of apoptolysis further clarifies the correlation between apoptosis and acantholysis, and confirms that the apoptosis in pemphigus vulgaris is a unique paradigm of cell damage and detachment which should be distinguished from other classic known forms of cell death. These findings will facilitate the search of new targets for treatment of pemphigus vulgaris.

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